What is teratogenesis?

Teratogenesis refers specifically to the process that leads to congenital abnormalities in an embryo or fetus. This term is used in the field of developmental biology and teratology, which studies the causes and effects of physical malformations in developing organisms. During the embryonic and fetal development stages, various factors, including genetic, environmental, and exposure to certain substances or conditions, can interfere with normal development and result in birth defects. The understanding of teratogenesis is crucial, especially in medical and pharmacological contexts, as it highlights the potential risks associated with maternal health, medications taken during pregnancy, and environmental exposures that could impact fetal development.