Which factor would increase Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS)?

The factor that would increase Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) is fast rise time. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PNS occurs when rapidly changing magnetic fields induce electric currents in the body, particularly near peripheral nerves. When the rise time of these magnetic fields is fast, it allows for a more abrupt change in the field strength, which can lead to a stronger induced current. This rapidly changing current can more effectively stimulate the nerves, leading to an increase in PNS.

Fast rise times produce more dynamic and higher amplitude gradients, which facilitate the induction of electrical potentials in the tissues that can lead to sensations, such as tingling or muscle twitching, consistent with PNS experiences. Understanding the dynamics of how gradient fields interact with nerve tissue is crucial for managing and minimizing the risks associated with PNS during MRI scanning.